The Royal Government of Cambodia, a coalition government between Cambodian People's Party (CPP) and Funcinpec in the new term, launched on 30 November 1998 its concrete political platform for the rehabilitation and development of the country in every sector. It has placed priorities on strengthening peace, political stability, upholding democracy, rule of law, public administration reforms, military reforms, economic and public finance reforms, judicial reforms, economic development and poverty alleviation. In a conference held from 31^st January - 03 February 1999, the Royal Government disseminated the main contents of this political platform to all ministries, institutions and local authorities for its implementation.

In 1999, the Royal Economic Government made all its efforts to surmount the challenges and difficulties and thereby, has brought about the proud results inside the country as wall as on the international arena. The Royal Government has been holding firm to national reconciliation policy, unifying all political parties to sustain peace that the Cambodian people has just enjoyed and to preserve national achievements in order to build Cambodia with independence, peace, democracy and progress as highly guided by His Majesty Preah Bat Samdech Preah NORODOM SIHANOUK, the beloved King of all Cambodian people.

In late 1999, both Cambodians and people throughout the world solemnly and enthusiastically celebrated the new Millennium - year 2000, which is considered as the international year of peace culture. The general situation in Cambodia is favoring the peaceful life of the Cambodian people, thus offering opportunity for the rehabilitation and reconstruction of Cambodia. The Royal Government's achievements in 1999 include:

I - Security and Social Order:

Since the general elections on 26 July 1998 and the formation of the coalition government, the main achievement has been the introduction of the pacification policy, which led to the peaceful end of Khmer Rouge military and political organization and the arrest in April 1999 of Khmer Rouge leader Ta Mok who will be put on trial soon. This achievement is the continuation of the great one obtained by the old government. The integration of former Royal Cambodian Armed Forces in their original units was undertaken in accordance with the government's political platform. This is the first time that the whole territory of the country has been controlled by a unique state that is legal, sovereign and legitimate. The Cambodian people throughout the country are joyfully united with their families and can travel freely to every part of the country during the Khmer traditional New Year, Phchum Ben Day and the new Millennium - year 2000 celebration.

This is the great success for our people under the High guidance of His Majesty Preah Bat Samdech Preah NORODOM SIHANOUK, King of Cambodia, and the tireless efforts made by the Royal Government, especially Samdech Hun Sen, Prime Minister of Cambodia, in the process of seeking peace and stability for the nation and motherland .

Peace and Stability are the most important factors for the implementation of the Royal Government's political platform, particularly the socio-economic development and poverty alleviation.

The Royal Government is committed to sustaining this achievement and doing everything to strengthen peace, stability and to put a definitive end to tragedy and suffering resulting from war and internal conflicts.

Though the whole country and nation enjoy full peace, the Royal Government has to continue to maintain both mental and physical peace for Cambodian people and foreigners who are residing in the Kingdom of Cambodia. The Royal Government has noticed that the penal offenses still have had complicated and violent character and are harmful to people's lives and properties in various cities and provinces. This requires the government to take the most convenient measures to prevent this kind of passive acts in the society. Those offenses were committed by Cambodian criminals, while some acts had the form as organized connection between foreigners and Cambodian criminals such as terrorism, drug trafficking, kidnappings, hiring hit men, and human and antiques trafficking.

6,029 instances of penal offenses took place in 1999, compared to 7,077 instances in 1998. Criminal offenses took place in 2,456 instances compared to 3,238 instances in 1998 and moderate offenses took place in 3,573 instances compared to 3,829 instances in 1998. These offenses have caused 896 dead, 5,281 injured, 154 victims, and 43 cars and 1,524 motorbikes lost.

The armed robberies occurred in 1,396 instances, compared to 1,822 instances, of which 353 instances occurred in Phnom Penh. Kidnappings occurred in 91 instances, compared to 130 in 1998, of which 27 instances occurred in Phnom Penh and 28 instances in Kampong Cham province. The homicide occurred in 581 instances, compared to 793 in 1998. Penal offenses committed by foreigners happened in 27 instances in 1999.

Moreover, certain international criminals have taken advantage in using Cambodia as their shelter to escape from legal responsibilities and continue their criminal activities. In 1999, 77 countries sent 664 criminal dossiers to the Interpol community to investigate and apprehend 664 suspects who were running away, among them, 37 offenders in 37 instances were suspected to hide themselves in Cambodia. The competent authorities have found 6 offenders in 6 instances and are now in the process of investigating other 31 instances.

Compared to 1998, the competent authorities at all levels have managed to reduce 14.18% of the crimes, in which repressed 2,064 cases, arrested and educated 3,182 offenders, and sent to justice 1,025 offenders involving in 1,362 cases.

Compared to 1998, the dangers in the society has been down 12.95% or from 2,440 to 2,214 cases, in which the traffic accidents were down from 1,840 to 1,445, the fire cases from 223 to 135, causing 791 dead, 2,000 injured, 307 houses and 37 shops burnt, 76 houses collapsed, 3 storehouses and one factory burnt.

Moreover, the authorities has closed down 67 places of gambling game and confiscated 558 game machines, among them 21 places with 340 game machines in the schools surrounding areas. 7 places of billiard game in the schools surrounding areas were also closed down.

The government has declared Phnom Penh capital free gambling area and closed all casinos except Naga casino. Siem Reap town, Angkor and Preah Vihear temple were also set as free gambling areas.

The government has encouraged the population census process as newly set down by the government. So far, 70% or 1,459,778 families have been registered for Residence Book and 20% or 413,327 families have been provided with Residence Book. The issue of identification cards was in the experience phase carried out in Phnom Penh with only 12,835 persons.

So far, 3,082 vehicles with " Police " and " RCAF " plates, including 38 pick-up trucks, 1,651 cars and 1,393 motorcycles have been registered.

The Royal Government has launched a campaign to reduce weapons and explosive devices by means of strictly limiting the issue of weapon licenses, encouraging the confiscation and educating the population to voluntarily give their weapons to the local authorities. As a result, the Royal Government has collected and confiscated 62,646 rifles, 109 pistols, 559 hand grenades, 431 land mines and 198 bullets. 62,646 rifles have been collected and confiscated while only 7,888 rifles registered at the Ministry of Interior. The collection and confiscation of pistols reached only 0.70% of the registered number, or 109 out of 15,360. The Royal Government has ordered to resurveyed the pistols statistics and submit the weapon lists to the Police Stations of the municipality and provinces to confiscate them from the unauthorized persons.

The Royal Government has crushed 27,000 guns collected during five campaigns undertaken in 10 provinces.

From 1995 to 1999, the Royal Government has rehabilitated 684 offenders, including youth and children, of whom 80% were drug addicts.

With the sponsorship of the United Nations Drug Control Program (UNDCP) and donor countries, the Royal Government organized a national seminar, conducted technical training, and undertook operations against drug trafficking and confiscated 970 grams of heroine, 23,032 tablets of Amphetamine, 1,110 grams of Opium and 5 small packs of addictive glue. 5,325.13Kg of marijuana and 6.2 kg of marijuana oil were confiscated. 25h.a of marijuana plantation or 133,160 marijuana plants and 70,000 marijuana young trees were destroyed. 6,096 kg of marijuana were burnt. Some other equipment, including a Yamayaba substance producer, a tractor, a car were confiscated.

The Royal Government has put in practice a circular " SARA CHOR " No. 3 dated 28 February 1999, aiming at strengthening the security throughout the country. It organized a seminar to exchange views on the maintenance of security and order to find key solution to prevent the main crimes from happening.

Royal Government and International Relations:

1 - Exercise of Citizen Rights and Democracy:

With the collaboration from local and international Human Rights organizations and the humanitarian aid from certain friendly countries that have their embassies to Cambodia, the Royal Government of Cambodia organized a series of training courses on Human Rights with the participation from the police, the Royal Cambodian Armed Forces and officials from provinces, municipalities, districts and communes. The training courses helped them to understand more about the exercise of freedom to expression and activities through political party, organization, association, press etc. to contribute to build the country with full democracy and pluralism.

So far, 44 political parties have been registered and another 11 have not yet applied to the Ministry of Interior for registration.

Until September 1999, 603 associations and NGOs were officially registered, among them 165 were registered at the Office of the council of Ministers and another 438 at the Ministry of Interior, 101 local press, 39 international press, 35 local magazines and 18 local bulletins were also registered.

The abuses by factory employers on workers caused 122 cases of demonstration and strike, 56 cases much more that the previous year, of which 6 cases were instigated by opposition parties (3 cases with violence). The purpose of the strikes was to urge the employers to respect the Labour Law and to pay wages regularly and properly. The Ministry of Social Affairs, Vocational Training and Youth Rehabilitation, with collaboration from the Ministries and Institutions concerned, had settled the problems successively.

The gathering of population from various cities and provinces to request settlement on land issues and asked for food donation took place 152 times, 114 times more than the previous year.

By late this year, the Council of Ministers received people's complaints on 312 cases, of which 98% were land and house ownership disputes and 2% related to judicial competence. 258 cases of the complaints were settled and another 54 were in the process of settling.

The Ministry of Interior received complaints on 348 cases, while 178 out of 213 cases relating to land disputes were settled, 110 out of 135 cases relating to the police's works were resolved and 60 cases were in the process of resolving.

The Royal Government issued Prakas No. 06 dated 27 September 1999 on the measures to suppress anarchy in land grabbing in order to settle the land disputes and protect the public estates.

2 - Strengthening the Rule of law:

The Council of Ministers held 35 meetings to examine the draft laws, Sub-Decree, regulations and key issues. The Council of Ministers also held 233 inter-ministerial meetings. 33 bills were sent to the General Secretariat of the National Assembly, among them, 23 were adopted and ratified. The Royal Government promulgated 121 jurisdiction sub-decrees, 570 nominative sub-decrees, 10 circulars (SARACHOR), 16 instructive circulars, 89 decisions, 6 Prakas and many other regulations, with the aim of upholding the rule of low.

To increase more trust and encourage the population, internal community, and local and foreign investors to participate in the economic development in Cambodia, the Royal Government has been enforcing the laws and regulations and has been drafting new regulations in conformity with new developments in the Kingdom of Cambodia.

3 - Reforms:

3.1 - Public Administration Reforms:

The Royal Government's objective is to have a public administration that is neutral transparent, competent, close to the population and pay attention to the working results. The administration reforms on different axes has had good results. The first axis is upholding the rule of law : The Royal Government has promulgated the sub-decrees on the organization and functioning of 25 ministries and institutions and is preparing to discuss and adopt the draft document on obligation of civil servants. The second axis is good governance: The Anti-Corruption Unit was set up within the General Secretariat of the Council for Public Administration Reforms. With the technical assistance from UNDP, the Royal Government has compiled documents on decentralization at the provincial and district level, leading to the realization of the decentralization at the communes and quarter levels. The third axis is the improvement of human resources management: So far, 9 Ministries have been set to manage the payroll by means of informatics system. The move would be continued after validating the census results. Moreover, the Royal Government has been preparing the particular statute, civil servant census, remuneration system and function analysis. The fourth axis is priorities package: the Royal Government will hold discussions on the setting up of an inter-ministerial task force responsible for the preparation of that priorities package.  

3.2 - Military Reform and Military and Police Demobilization:

3.2.1 - Military Reforms:

Samdech Hun Sen, Prime Minister of Cambodia, decided to transfer his post as General Chief of Staff of the Royal Cambodian Armed Forces (RCAF) to a senior Khmer figure in a bid to implement the neutralization policy within the Royal Cambodian Armed Forces.

The Royal Government rearranged rank of 93,046 military officers, issued 15,800 identification cards, 113,859 military serial numbers and 1,068 name-identified necklaces. Promoted 351 officers, offered 8 posthumous promotions, changed position of 14 officers, appointed 446 officers, dismissed 8 officers, 2 officers resigned, appointed 296 integrated forces, integrated 6 persons into civil servant cadre of the Ministry, 62 persons into the trainee cadre of the 3^rd Active Military Course, and 25 persons into the military children cadre. Provided 100,000 riels to anyone who returned home voluntarily and integrated into the armed forces 8,782 out of 10,095 integrated forces.

The Royal Government transferred militias from the Ministry of Defense to the Ministry of Interior. The Royal Government rearranged and decorated 13,422 police forces, including 5,160 police officers.

3.2.2 - Military and Police Demobilization:

The Royal Government's decision to demobilize 79,000 forces: 55,000 armed forces and 24,000 police forces in 5 years is aimed at diverting the budget to basic education and primary health.

As concrete actions, the Royal Government removed 15,551 ghost soldiers and 159,597 ghost children from the military payroll. Registered 1,512 voluntarily demobilized soldiers who have to settle in Kompot, Battambang, Kampong Thom and Banteay Meanchey Provinces. Finalized the statistics and issued Identification Cards in the first, second and third phases for the units subordinated to the Ministry and the Headquarters of General Chief of Staff, and in the first and second phases for the departments subordinated to the Ministry and the Headquarters of garrison 4 and 5.

The Royal Government subsidized 998 dead soldiers to their families and 134 disabled soldiers. 8,144 dead soldiers were checked. The documents of 1,119 dead soldiers left from previous year were transferred from the Ministry of Defense to the Ministry of Women's Affairs and Veterans. The Statistics of 1,075 soldiers in the age to retire has been done.

In 1999, the Royal Government removed 543 personnel from the police payroll and transferred 609 out of 64,137 personnel from the Ministry of Interior to the Ministry of Women's Affairs and Veterans.

3.3 - Economy and Public Finance Reforms:

The Royal Government has dressed a set of measures in Public Finance Reforms in a bid to lay solid foundation for long term economic growth and to ensure sustainable development. To accomplish this reform programs the Royal Government will carry out those measures smoothly and in harmony with the implementation of the political platform and other main reform programs, including military and police reforms, public administration reforms that aimed at uphold democracy, improving and upgrading the efficiency of public services, and judiciary reforms to upholding the rule of law and the respect for Human Rights. As far as the economic reforms are concerned, the Royal Government concentrated its attention on the maintenance of macro economic stability, strengthening banking and financial systems, fiscal reforms, strict management of the public properties, increasing public investments in physical and social infrastructures and human resources development.

3.4 - Orientation towards Judicial Reforms:

The Ministry of Justice, as the headquarters of the Royal Government, has promoted the promulgation of laws and encouraged the municipal and provincial prosecutors to monitor at least monthly the prisons and detaining centers. As the results, it is noticed that there are in the prisons 1,822 convicts, among them 108 women (with 6 babies), 16 minors and 17 prison escapees. It is also noticed that there are in the detaining centers 1,124 culprits, among them 75 women, 16 minors and 27 escapees from detaining centers. The illegal arrest, detaining and hold-up, torturing, chaining, or detaining in dark rooms have not been practiced on prisoners and culprits.

On technique issue, the Ministry of Justice has settled 510 cases of people's complaints, including 115 criminal cases, 331 civil cases and 64 prosecutors - relating cases, 64 letters requesting for charges, 68 letters permitting charges and made public 1,422 condemnation bulletins.

The Royal Government noticed that the provincial and municipal courts took every measure and managed to eradicate 5,002 cases of abuses committed by civil servants, soldiers and ordinary people, compared to 3,229 cases in 1998.  

4 - Contribution from National and International Communities and International Relations:

4.1 - Contribution from National and International Communities:

The generous people inside and outside the country contributed their own materials and money to help build the country, thus contributing to the rehabilitation and development of the nation that were badly destroyed by the prolong civil war. The contribution went to schools, development of religion, culture, social welfare, infrastructure etc. with the total amount of 38,205,718US dollars, 984,794,820 Riels, 4,000,000 Aus. dollars, 175,000 Baths and 12 tons of rice.

The Royal Government awarded to local and foreign generous people 247 Gold National Construction Medals, 45 Silver National Construction Medals, 92 Bronze National Construction Medals, 108 Bronze Work Medals, 01 Sovathara Medal, 5 SENA SAHAKMETREI Medals, 03 THIPAKDIN SAHAKMETREI Medals, 02 ASARITH SAHAKMETREI Medals, 01 MOHASENA of the Kingdom of Cambodia Medal and 01 MOHASEREIVADH of the Kingdom of Cambodia Medal.

4.2 - International Relations:

The Royal Government has energetically implemented its foreign policy and attained remarkably successes, especially the regaining of Cambodian seat in the United Nations, Cambodia's full membership in ASEAN and the strengthening of diplomatic relations and cooperation with the international community. 69 countries have diplomatic relations with Cambodia, among them, 26 countries have their residents in Phnom Penh and 43 others abroad. 19 new Ambassadors have presented their credentials to His Majesty the King. The Kingdom of Cambodia has its Embassies, permanent missions, and Consulate General in 24 countries. In 1999, the Royal Government opened 4 more Embassies to Singapore, Myanmar, the Philippines, and Brunei Darussalam and 4 more Consulates General in Hong Kong, Shanghai, Aranhapathet and Klong Yai.

A high delegation led by Samdech Prime Minister paid official visits to Malaysia, the People's Republic of China and Indonesia, during which 9 Agreements were signed. Moreover, the high delegation of the Royal Government attended the Francophonie Summit in Moncton, Canada and the 54^th UN General Assembly in New York, the Consultative Group Meeting (CG) in Tokyo, the Summit Meeting between the three Prime Minister - Laos, Cambodia - Vietnam and singed 3 Agreements in Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic.

The high delegation also paid an official visit to the Republic of Cuba, during which President Fidel Castro awarded Jose Marti Medal - the highest Medal of Cuba - to Samdech Hun Sen, the Prime Minister of Cambodia.

The Royal Government has been actively and peacefully resolving the border issue with the neighboring countries after the definitive end of the civil war in early 1999. The Cambodian delegation traveled to Vietnam once, Thailand once and Laos twice and invited Vietnamese delegation to Cambodia once, Lao delegation twice and planned to invite Thai delegation to Cambodia in early 2000. The Royal Government also planned to travel to Ho Chi Minh City in early 2000 to hold bilateral talks on border issues.

1 - Macro Economic Condition:

Owing to the prevalence of full peace and stability that were strengthened under the High guidance of His Majesty Preah Bat Samdech Preah NORODOM SIHANOUK, King of Cambodia, the economic situation in 1999 is in good progress.

Economic growth is 4%, compared to 1% in 1998. The inflation rate dropped to about 0% in late 1999, compared to 126% in 1998. The exchange rate is stable, fluctuating within 3,800 riels per 1US dollar. Foreign exchange reserves increased by 8% from US$ 390 million to US$ 420.6 million, which can ensure the imports within the period of three and a half months.

2 - Trade:

In 1999, 940 new - established enterprises, including 681 companies and 259 enterprises were registered at the Ministry of Commerce. There are 13 foreign company representative offices including 10 foreign company offices and 3 foreign branches. 120 companies and enterprises were dismantled. 13 shoe factories, 01 bag factory, and 72 non-textile companies of the 184 registered companies and enterprises have MFN/GSP.

Until late November, 1999 the quantity of goods exported to the European Union was 25,782,934 sets of clothes, equal to 100,348,644 US$, 4,723,451 pairs of shoes, equal to 8,945,177 US$ and 690 dozens of gloves, equal to 3,626 US dollars.

Until late November 1999, the quantity of goods exported to the U.S was 9,434,265 sets of clothes, equal to 439,877,732 US$, 1,130,060 dozens of gloves, equal to 3,191,137 US$, 9,014 tents equal to 503, 891 US$ and 6,451 bags, equal to 200,459 US$.

The control on exports - imports at border checkpoints was exerted on US$ 677,274,684 worth of exported goods and US$ 1,152,462,740 of imported goods. The revenue from these activities was 82.79% much more than the 1999 planned 4 thousand million riels.

The customs officers discovered and destroyed 1,216 cartons of spoiled goods, 1,146 spoiled cans fish and 3,294 bottles of sulfuric acid vinegar and detained a number of irregular goods. Moreover, the Royal Government ordered CAMCONTROL to conduct a survey and monitor directly at the markets on goods quality and the quantity of spoiled goods.

3 - Public and Private Investment:

The public investment reached 623 million riels, in which 64% were financed by foreign assistance and loans and another 35% were financed by national budget. 1% of capital expenditure, equal to 7 thousand million riels, were used for the payment of real debt.

In 1999, after the CG meeting in Tokyo, Japan, on 25-26 February, the Royal Government held two consultative meetings with donors community in Phnom Penh - the first meeting on 14 June and the second one on 27 October 1999 - to exchange views and experiences on the aid allocation and its use in an effective and transparent manner in the public investment. It is estimated that, in 1999, the multilateral assistance would be US$ 130,550 million and the bilateral assistance and loan would be US$ 393,968 million. Compared to 1998, the multilateral assistance is US$ 133,439 million and foreign assistance and loan is US$ 403,891 million.

3.2 - Private Investment:

In 1999, the Royal Government permitted investment on 96 projects on 3 major sectors - 13 projects of agriculture and agro-industry, 67 projects of industry and factory and 16 projects of services and infrastructure.

The registered capital is US$ 248,899,752, the invested capital is US$ 479,539,519 of which 57.59% are local shares and 42.41% are foreign shares. The investment required 86,295 workers. The most attractive sector in the industry and factory is garment factory that has 49 projects with US$ 85,689,680 worth of capital and US$ 1,37,270 worth of invested capital and 63,584 workers. The 49 textile projects were invested by investors from the people's Republic of China, Hong Kong and Taiwan.

Among foreign investments, Taiwan ranked first, the People's Republic of China ranked Second, Hong Kong ranked third, Thailand ranked fourth, The United States ranked fifth and Malaysia ranked sixth.

The leadership of the Royal Government, during a meeting with private investors, has dressed the following main measures:

1 - Place the highest priority on the assurance of a social climate with peace, security and stability in all fields in the country.

2 - Strengthen law system, regulations and an institutional system that is favorable for the private sector to do investment and transactions in the country.

3 - Pay much attention to the enhancement of public investment through aid mobilization and local saving. Encourage private investment projects, especially the BOT "Build - Operate - Transfer " and other projects in the fields of physical and social infrastructures and others including electricity, water supplies and telecommunication.

The main objective is to set up an effective infrastructure for the transaction between local and international markets to help facilitate and promote the economic activities and the investment in all sectors. The Council for Development of Cambodia has to cooperate with the institutions concerned to prepare the list of BOT priority projects to circulate among the private sector for their participation.

4 - Through " General System of Preferences " (GSP) and " Most Favoured Nations" (MFN), Cambodia has the access to the international markets with potential trade partners - European Community, the United States, Japan, Canada, Australia, etc. This is the opportunity for economies of scale, while Cambodia is working actively to maintain the favorable conditions and further develop the markets.

5 - As a member of ASEAN, Cambodia is actively participating in the ASEAN economic initiatives, especially the ASEAN Free Trade Areas (AFTA), ASEAN Industry Cooperation (AICO) and ASEAN Investment Areas (AIA) and in the services cooperation aiming at liberalization on every services sector.

Moreover, Cambodia has been actively participating in the regional and sub-regional initiatives, including Great Mekong Sub-regional Development (GMS). Another significant work in the government's working agenda is to become a member of World Trade Organization (WTO). All are main factors to help broaden the international markets for Cambodia. Furthermore, they will help arrange the liberalization and economic modernization to proceed in conformity with the local and international standards.

6 - Besides the arrangement and the assistance within the nation, the Royal Government has also paid attention to the opening of access to various international capital sources for the private investment. Owing to Cambodia's membership in the International Financial Corporation (IFC) and the Agreement between the Royal Government and the Asian Development Bank (ADB) as well as the Agreement framework between the Royal Government and the European Community, the private sector can contact with these two Financial Institutions and with the European Bank for Investment to request financing for their investment projects. Furthermore, the Royal Government is working with some other bilateral partners to open the same financing access for private sector. Recently, Cambodia has become a member of Multiple Investment Guaranteeing Agency (MIGA) of the World Bank, which is an institution responsible for ensuring political risks for investors. The Royal Government is also working to get membership in the International Center for Settlement of Investment Dispute (ICSID). At the same time, the Royal Government is putting more efforts to get membership in the International Center for Settlement of Investment Dispute. (ICSID).

7 - Cambodia already signed the Agreements on Investment Protection and Encouragement with some partners, including ASEAN countries and with some bilateral partners such as China, Korea, Germany and Switzerland. The Royal Government is continuing to carry out this work with other bilateral and multilateral partners.

4 - Public Finance:

Local revenue increased 58%, while the total expenditure increased only 10.8%, compared to the same period of last year.

4.1 - National Budget Revenue:

After the Royal Government set down the reform programs on public finance especially after the introduction of Value Added Tax (VAT), the tax income has been remarkably on the increase. In 1999, such tax income increased 41%, equal to 112% of the annual budget project in 1998. Compared to 1998, the special tax income increased 20%, equal to 115% of the annual budget project, 15% much more than the plan. Special tax income on importing products increased 27% while special tax income on local products dropped 3%.

4.1.2 - Customs Income:

In 1999, customs income increased 15%, compared to the same period of last year. Tax on fuel import is 151 thousand million riels, increased 5% compared to last year. The tax increase has been achieved after the Royal Government launched countrywide the anti smuggling campaign. We can see that the fuel price in Cambodia is higher than that in its neighbors. This factor encouraged the fuel smuggling, which adversely affects the budget revenue. Tax on other imported goods increased 16%, while the exporting tax is 16 thousand million riels, equal to 351% of the budget project. The good condition of tax collection indicates the national economic growth.

4.1.3 - Non Fiscal Tax Income:

In 1999, the Ministry of Commerce transferred to the National Treasury and to the account of the National Bank of Cambodia 108 thousand million riels earned from quota bidding and management, and from the issuance services of the importing visas. This sum of transferred budget has made the non-fiscal tax income that was in the decrease, sharply increased.

This kind of income reached 348 thousand million riels, increased 51% compared to the same period of last year, and is equal to 95% of the annual project. Forest income increased 59% compared to 1998 and is equal to 36 thousand million riels. The income from the lease of factories and real estate is 20,7 thousand million riels.

4.1.4 - Capital Income:

The country's capital income decreased 58%, compared to 1998, and is 55% of the budget project. The capital income from overseas is one thousand million riels.

4.2 - Enhancement of Reason and Effectiveness in National Budget Expenditure:

The Royal Government spent 1,707 thousand million riels or 114% of the annual plan, increasing 13% compared to 1998, of which 63% is the annual expenditure and 37% is the capital expenditure for public investment. The expenditure on health is only 94%, on agriculture 90%, on rural development 92% of the planned budget. The expenditure on education is 118% of the planned budget, but most of the expenditure went to salary.

Military and security expenditure is 464 thousand million riels, increased 2% compared to 1998, in which 70% went to salary and subsidies. The expenditure on civil administration is 596 thousand million riels, increased 37%.

The expenditure on salary for civil, military and security personnel is 561 thousand million riels, increased 15% compared to last year.

The Royal Government decided to offer 20,000 riels per person, per month to all educators as pedagogical bonus, effective from February 1999. It has also increased 30% of the net salaries to civil servants, military forces and disabled soldiers since May 1999.

5. Sectional Economic Development:

In the implementation of Prakas No 01 PK of 25 January 1999 on measures to manage and suppress the anarchy in forest sector the Ministry of Agriculture, Forest and Fishery, in collaboration with the Commander in Chief of the Royal Cambodian Armed Forces, National Police General Department and the local authorities, have undertaken monitoring activities on illegal logging at different provinces and cities with about 95% results.

The concrete results are as follows:

• Remove and burn down 857 illegal sawmills
• Close down 280 illegal wood processing handicrafts
• Close down 359 illegal depots selling forest by-products
• Remove 27 illegal wildlife stalls
• Destroy 111 illegal charcoal kilns
• Burn down 48 illegal sandalwood steaming kilns
• Burn down 43 trucks and tractors
• Send 318 cases of forest offenses to the court
• Income from fining : 503,215,862 riels and US$ 40,403

The Royal Government cleaned the anarchic construction in the areas of Prek Tek Sap, Kbal Chhay, and Preah Sihanoukville and afforested those areas.

5.2 - Forest Concession Management and Afforestation:

The Royal Government has reviewed the investment agreements and their implementation by forest concession companies and has cancelled 12 forest concession agreements with 9 companies with a total surface of 2,173,006 hectares that is considered reserved forest.

The 21 forest companies, whose agreement still remains valid, have to continue their investment on a total surface of 4,739,153 hectares.

14 amongst 21 companies were granted exploitation permits on concession forest for the year 1999. As the outcome of concession forest's exploitation, 245,259 m³ were exploited out of 479,737 m³ permitted and 82,281 m³ of wood processing were exported.

So far, seven concession forest companies have been providing 6,801 m³ of sawed wood for local use.

The revenue from forest sector was 8,947,135 US dollars, compared to 6,051,260 US dollars in 1998.

The Ministry accomplished the afforestation of 260 hectares, and with the participation of local people, 1.2 million plants, comprising dipterocarpus alatus, hopea species, teaks, phoenix sylvestrie, acacia, eucalyptus and fruit trees, have been planted.

5.3 - Food Production:

The quantity of rainfall at the beginning of the rainy season in 1999 was fairly adequate. A short flooding period in July in Kampot, Kampong Cham, and Sihanouk- ville caused damages to a great deal of crops, but farmers were still able to rehabilitate them. The floating rice in the areas around Tonle Sap Lake was largely damaged.

Until the end of October and early November, the natural phenomenon such as storm and rain badly affected, in a short time, the agricultural production and destroyed houses, roads infrastructure, and some parts of irrigation system in Pursat, Kompong Speu, Kandal provinces and Phnom Penh, etc.

In general, the weather and rice growth was good and no drought in any areas.

The 1999 outcome of farming in the rainy season is as follows: 1,906,426 hectares of rice. equivalent to 83.47 % of the projected 2,130,000 hectares, were planted. Compared to the previous year, 183,135 hectares were increased and 26,603 hectares were damaged. The harvest was carried out on 1,879,823 hectares, with the output of 1.65 tons per hectare. The estimated product was 3,106,578 tons.

It is predicted for the wet season of 1999-2000: 240,000 hectares of planned land, 242,000 hectares of cultivated land with output of 3 tons per hectare, and 233,000 hectares of harvested land (excluding 9,000 hectares damaged) with 708,000 tons of estimated product.

As predicted, the rice production in the year 1999-2000, in both wet and dry seasons, would achieve a total amount of 3,814,578 tons of rice (increasing 8% compared to the year 1998-1999).

The Ministry has to keep 648,478 tons of paddies as seeds and for raising animals and 1,818,700 tons of rice to meet people's need. Therefore the balance of food supply would remain 144,282 tons of rice, equivalent to 232,713 tons of paddy.

102,214 hectares of the wet season's secondary crops were carried out, including 58,809 hectares of corns, increasing 13,894 hectares more than the last year, 13,580 hectares of manioc, increasing 4,788 hectares more than the last year, 9,005 hectares, of sweet potato, decreasing 334 hectares less than the last year, and 20,820 hectares of peas and beans, increasing 5,592 hectares more than the last year.

71,183 hectares of industrial plantations of the wet season comprised 11,420 hectares of peanuts, increasing 1,725 hectares more than the last year, 16,360 hectares of sesames, increasing 1,573 hectares more than the last year, 8,610 hectares of sugar- canes, increasing 1,542 hectares more than the last year, and 34,793 hectares of soya beans, increasing 3,812 hectares more than the last year.

5.4 - Fishery:

The fresh water fishing exploited 71,000 tons of fish, equivalent to 101.43 % of the projected 70,000 tons, compared with the same fishing period of the previous year decreasing 4,700 tons. The sea fishing exploited 38,000 tons equivalent to 108.57% of the projected 35,000 tons, compared with the same duration, increasing 400 tons. Fish raising achieved 14,450 tons of fish, equivalent to 74.41% of the projected 19,420 tons, increasing 547 tons more than the last year. Prawn raising achieved 50 tons, equivalent to 8.62% of the projected 580 tons, decreasing 147 tons less than the last year, and 24,053 crocodiles, equivalent to 96.21% of the projected 25,000 were raised, compared with the same period of 1998, decreasing 16,647.

8,200,000 young fish, equivalent to 82% of the projected 10,000,000 fishes, were hatched, compared to the same period of 1998, increasing 3,140,000. 769 fresh water and 63 salt water offences were suppressed

5.5 - Animal Husbandry and Agricultural Machinery Utilization

In 1999, farmers raised 2,887,342 cattle, among them 1,294,268 were used as productive forces, 695,928 buffaloes with 414,018 were used as productive forces, 2,362, 763 pigs, and 15,084,538 poultry.

Agricultural machinery, including 1,855 tractors, 2,341 walking tractors, and 33,959 water pumps have been used in provinces and cities.

According to the bilateral agreement on aid and cooperation, the people's Republic of Chine provided Cambodia with 72 SH-504 tractors, 400 DF-12 walking tractors, as well as their suitable implements.

5.6 - Rubber Plantation:

The Royal Government issued a sub-decree transforming seven rubber plantation companies into the public establishments with economic character and appointed their director-generals and governing councils.

36,718 hectares of rubber plantation, equivalent to 96.33% of the annually projected 38,114 hectares were exploited.

The annual project of new rubber plantation was 1,213 hectares of plot. Up until now, 1,030 hectares, equivalent to 85% of the annual project, have been exploited.

5.7.1 - Industry:

49 new factories were founded in 1999. The number of factories, registered at the Ministry of Industry, Mine and Energy, have increased to 302, most of them are garment factories, although the quota of clothes exported to the United States has been limited.

The 302 factories consists of 32 food, drink and tobacco factories, 220 textile, garment, and shoes factories, 13 wooden furniture factories, 4 paper made production factories, 13 chemical (oil) industrial factories, 10 non-metallic production factories and 10 metallic processing industrial factories.

127,054 labors have been working in the factories, amongst them 113,011 have served for the garment sector. As estimated, the total cost of the industrial products of the year 1999 was 777,925,240 US dollars, equivalent to 165%, compared to 1998.

185 garment factories have been producing for direct exports. In 1999, approximately 725 million dollars of products were granted the export permission. The export data increased 85%, compared to 1998.

Up until November 1999, there were a total number of 48 factories, including exporting garment industry, and goods producing industry for local use.

5.7.2 - Small Industry and Handicraft:

The number of small industry and handicraft producing goods for local use, have been decreased. According to the 1998 factory census, there were a total number of 24,691 bases, but the number was decreased to 24,420 in 1999. 271 bases have completely or temporarily stopped their production.

The closure of those factories led to around 2,852 out of 65,573 workers and employees, in the country at large, redundancies. In 1999, there were 63,721 labors, worked for the above said sector.

The estimated total cost of the products in 1999 was 345, 802 million riels. Compared to 350, 306 million riels in 1998, it decreased 1%.

5.8 - Electricity of Cambodia:

Currently, Electricity of Cambodia has been producing and supplying electricity in Phnom Penh, provincial towns of Siem Reap, Kandal, Kampong Cham and Sihanoukville. The power production, in Phnom Penh and Kandal is 366,389,911 kWh (estimated for two months) equivalent to 85% of the annual project with the daily average consumed power of 40-50 MW and 55-60 MW at night, in Siem Reap is 9,458,834 kWh, equivalent to 79% of the annual project with the daily average consumed power of 900 kW and 2,000 kW at night, in Sihanoukville is 7,500 kW with the daily average consumed power of 1,350 kW and 2,850 at night, in Kampong Cham is 5,132,780 kWh, equivalent to 71% of the annual project with the daily average consumed power of 650 kW, and 1,250 kW at night.

In the implementation of the 1999 power exploitation project, Phnom Penh Electricity lost 5,939,000,000 riels, Sihanoukville Electricity lost 27,200,000 riels, Siem Reap provincial town Electricity gained 165,000,000 riels and Kampong Cham provincial town Electricity gained 31,616,449 riels.

The Royal Government has temporarily permitted the Ministry of Industry, Mine and Energy to issue licenses for private exploitation of electric power in villages, communes, and district towns so as to govern the electric technical work on the exploitation throughout the country.

The Royal Government has officially signed an agreement with Woodside South East Asia Pty. Ltd on Criticism and Reassessment on the datas of the petroleum blocks 1,2,3,4 and 7 in the Cambodian marine boundary, and has signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with Thailand's petroleum authorities that is which specialized in exploration and production on the exchange of views on the possibility of technical cooperation and trade, related to exploration, production development, the consumption of the petroleum resources, training, education and technical assistance for petroleum and gas operation.

B - Outcome of Petroleum Exploration and Exploitation of Different Companies:

1 - From 1991 until early 1999, the Enterprise Oil, Idemitsu Campex Premier Company had dug nine wells in the Cambodian maritime boundary. Amongst them three were discovered with petrol and gas but had not condition for commercial purposes. Up until early 1999, those companies had retreated from Cambodia.

2 - Up until now, only one Australian Woodside company with its adjusted data, has been interpreting the data of the petroleum blocks 5 and 6 in the Cambodian maritime boundary.

3 - A preliminary result of the geological, gravity and magnetic survey in the areas of Tonle Sap Lake, and along the Mekong river by the Japanese company (JNOC) has indicated that the petroleum would exist within the depth of 3,000 meters to 3,800 meters and would have two basins in the west and the north of Tonle Sap Lake.

5.10 - Post and Telecommunication:

The Ministry of Post and Telecommunication earned 88,736,951,767 riels and 22,822,414 US dollars whereas the expense was only 37,746,168,053 riels. The Royal Government, with the collaboration from Germany, successfully buried optic cables along National Road 5 from Poi Pet, on the Cambodian-Thai border, to Phnom Penh and along National Road 1 from Phnom Penh to Bavet, the Cambodian-Vietnamese border, with the total length of 615 kilometers.

The Ministry has erected 3,918 new telephones, compared to the 1999 projected 5,000 telephones, equivalent to 78.34%. The new erected telephones consists of 2,616 local phones, equivalent to 76.94 % of the project, 1,301 international phones equivalent to 81,31 % of the project, and one line of the Leased Line network.

The Ministry, and the six joint-venture companies, had put in services a total number of 115,786 different type telephones.

5.11 - Tourism:

Owing to the peace, political stability and the efforts, made by the Royal Government in advertising activities during 10 months in 1999, the Kingdom of Cambodia has received 212,092 international air tourists. Amongst them 16,289 by the direct flight from Bangkok, and 1,101 through Poi Pet checkpoint to visit ancient temples in Siem Reap Province. As estimated, in 1999, the number of tourists visiting Cambodia would reach 270,000, increasing 20 % more than the last year and could earn 120 million US dollars. 220 hotels have been running in Phnom Penh, Siem Reap, Sihanoukville and other provinces, among them 9 have been invested by foreign companies, 9 have been under the construction and 179 others have been designed. There are 176 guests house, 391 restaurants, 30 night clubs, 8 discotheques and 59 Karaoke's exclusively. There are 161 travel agencies with 1,031 tourist guides, amongst them 415 have been granted exploiting licenses.

The Royal Government will make an effort to submit the draft law on casino to the legislative body in 2000.

The Royal Government has made its endeavor to promote the bilateral cooperation on tourism: Cambodia-Thailand, Cambodia-Vietnam, Cambodia- Indonesia, Cambodia-the Union of Myanmar and Cambodia-Japan, and to boost bilateral cooperation: Cambodia-Thailand-Laos, and carry on the management of Preah Vihear temple's area.

To implement the "Open Sky" policy, the Cambodian Government has permitted Vietnamese Airlines company to launch its direct flight from Ho Chi Minh city to Siem Reap province, on January 7, 2000, after Bangkok Airlines company had operated its direct flight from Bangkok to Siem Reap in 1998.

5.12.1 - Public Work

1.1-National Budget Expenditure Results

By November 1999, the Royal Government disbursed a total amount of 4,523 million riels on the renovation and maintenance of national roads: 1, 2, 22, 3, 5, 56, 6A, 6 and 7 with a total length of 969 km. Certain roads were slightly damaged by the monsoon flood and overloaded trucks. The Royal Government spent 433 million riels on the rehabilitation and maintenance of bridges with a total length of 875 meters.

1.2 - Results of Works Carried out by Foreign Aid and Loans:

With the Japanese aid, the Royal Government disbursed a total amount of 38,010,000 US dollars and in 1999, 8,640,000 US dollars to build national roads 6 and 7 with a total length of 75, 5 km that were completed, in June 1999. 57% of the bridge building across the Mekong river at Kompong Cham town - Tonle Bet has been realized, spending 341,178,000,000 yens.

2 - Construction of Pochentong International Airport:

The Royal Government disbursed 11,048,860 US dollars on the renovation of runway, the repairs of fighting parks, the equipment of electric systems to brighten the airfields, the equipment of flight facilities, the construction of fire extinguishing station. 80% of those works have been achieved.

Tonle Bet and Prek Kdam ferry docks sold 1,830,550 tickets and earned a total sum of 1, 430, 704, 100 riels. The total spending was 1, 375, 588, 242 riels. Neak Leoung ferry dock sold 3,035,000 tickets and earned a total sum of 3,639,270,700 riels. The total spending was 2,034,113,689 riels.

4. Motor Vehicles Management

The Government registered 30, 276 new vehicles, transferred 20, 013 vehicles ownership, changed 1,781 vehicle ID cards, monitored technicalities for 6,636 vehicles, issued exportation licenses for 5,045 transport vehicles, provided 20,088 driving licenses and earned a total sum of 435,450,100 riels. The government also issued IDs for 22 vessels, monitored technicalities for 32 vessels, issued licenses for 12 vessels, issued skill certificates for 8 officers, issued certificates for 4 captains and issued 26 professional training books.

The competent units monitored and identified only 74.49% of 15,559 cars and only 0.19% of 6,304 motorcycles that have had number plates. This requires the concerned ministries and local authorities to pay more attention to the strict management of every vehicle, in particular, to find out vehicles without number plates and with false number plates. Taxis, tourist cars, motorcycle taxis should be well managed so as to make easy for monitoring.

5. Waterway Transportation:

A total number of 1, 825 vessels harbored at both Phnom Penh and Sihanoukville. The shipments are 1, 462, 819 tons of transit goods and 1, 314, 297 tons of total loaded goods. A total sum of 4,365,416,607 riels was earned while the total expense was 23,741,725,000 riels.

6. Cambodian Shipping Agency " CAMSAP ":

CAMSAP lobbied 1,467 vessels and 135 ferries to harbor both at Phnom Penh and Sihanoukville, earning approximately 4,000,000,000 riels. The approximate spending was 1,290,000,000 riels and accounted for 900,830,000 riels for national budget.

7. Railway:

A total of railway goods were 258,757 tons and there were 431,277 passengers, earning 5,111,122,915 riels.

The Royal Government repaired 18 kilometers of railways portion between Battambang and Sisophon, 58 locomotives, 24 GGV wagons, 13 siren wagons (720 HL), 03 normal wagons, 04 short wagons and one Tout wagon.

Today, the two rails carrying goods, equipment and passengers from Phnom Penh to Sihanoukville and Phnom Penh to Sisophon, are regularly in operation, but facing some difficulties due to the deformed shapes of sewage and iron bridges along the railways that needs well maintenance.

5.12.2 - Territorial Management, Urbanization and Construction:

The Ministry of Territorial Management, Urbanization and Construction, serving as the headquarter of the Royal Government, has been studying the formula and procedure to mark the national and regional boundaries and master plan for provinces and cities including:

- Study the management of master plan for Pailin town, of which 70% has been achieved.

- Study Bokor and Kamport tourism resort to make master plan.

- Study the demarcation of land which are closed to the bank of canals, lakes, rivers, water falls, lower mountainous areas and national parks in Kamport, and the demarcation area of shores and Tonle Sap with the cooperation from the Ministry of Environment under the assistance of DANIDA organization.

- Cooperate with municipal authorities and UNDP to seek new suitable locations at the suburb outside Phnom Penh so as to move anarchic constructions away from Phnom Penh.

In 1999, 845 newly constructed flats and buildings were built in Phnom Penh, among them, 487 and 133 others were illegally constructed. 83 out of 254 renovated buildings were illegal.

Land registration and land ownership certificate was slowly proceeded. 14% of around 4.5 million plots were registered. In Phnom Penh, 1,565 of around 150,000 plots were registered and about 100,000 houses were provided with land ownership certificates.

The Royal Government has been proceeding equitably the land registration and the issue of land ownership certificate based on the introduction of Systematic Land Registration with the cooperation from German and Netherlands experts.

With regards to geography, the Royal Government set up an earth analyzing dimension network throughout the country, with one post only in each province. The Royal Government has not yet implemented the second phase of earth analyzing dimension network as required. In addition, the Royal Government produced the administration maps of the country, provinces and cities, measured and demarcated administrative boundary for the communes, districts, and provinces and cities along national roads 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6A, and seized certain illegal maps.

5.13 - Environment:

With the collaboration of the ministries concerned, armed forces, and local authorities, the Royal Government led the Ministry of Environment to monitor, educate, and prevent all kinds of offenses towards natural resorts, and removed anarchic construction's fences, mobile saw-mills in Preah Monivong National Park along the way to Bokor Mounts, Keb City Park, Kirirom National Park, and Kbal Chhay resort.

With regards to 3,000 tons of toxic waste, dumped in Sihanoukville in December 1998, the Royal Government completely sorted it out and ordered to ship back from Cambodia on April 02, 1999.

Regarding to 650 tons of plastic waste dumped in Sihanoukville, the Royal Government ordered for the shipment to the Republic of Korea (South Korea) in September 1999, and has been working out the disqualified vehicle tires.

The International Organizations and International Financial Institutions have been provided 21, 87 million US dollars worth of aid to the Royal Government of Cambodia, starting from 1999-2001 to help sustain Cambodia's environment.

There are 1,013 schools, 54 schools more than the previous year, and 1,899 classes, increasing 113. There are a total number of 58,798 children, including 29,485 girls, increasing 8,496.

There are four categories of kindergarten, 746 classes of state kindergartens, 2 kindergartens consist of 6 classes belong to the Chamber of Commerce and factory in Siem Reap and Kompong Cham provinces, 29 private kindergartens, and 236 community kindergartens, which 6 kindergartens are increased.

B - Primary School:

There are 5,187 primary schools, increasing 161 schools more than the previous year including 2,410 one-shift schools, 2,740 two-shift schools and 37 three-shift schools.

There are 36,172 classrooms, increasing 1,943 more than the previous year, and there are 48,450 classes, increasing 3,007 more than the previous year. To meet the requirement of study programs, it is required to have additional 12,278 classrooms.

There are 704 school supports, increasing 41 more than the previous year, including 133 supported by various organizations.

There are 2, 333, 652 children of school age, 1, 139, 941 are girls. Among them, 2, 096, 530 children, including 946, 152 girls who took classes, increasing 84, 758 than the previous year, equivalent to 89.84% of the whole number. There are 1,464,831 upgraded students, equivalent to 69.87%, 525,858 disqualified students, equivalent to 25.08%. There are 105.841 students, equivalent to 5.05% who abandoned their classes, comprising 45,565 girls, equivalent to 5%.

c - High School:

There are 357 junior high schools, increasing 06 schools more than the previous year, and there are 133 senior high schools, increasing 08 schools more than the previous year. There are 218,782 junior high school students, decreasing 8,289 this year, and there are 81.294 senior high school students, increasing 7,389 this year.

There were 54,804 among 79,156 students, equivalent to 69.24% who passed junior high school exams on August 09 September 20, 1999, and there were 19,868 of 25,503 students, equivalent to 77.90%, who passed senior high school exams on 19 July, 30 September1999.

D - Out-System Education:

There are 1,678 alphabetical classes, comprising 31,089 students, among them 24,966 females and 19,808, including 14,865 females, who have been granted literacy certificates. There are one well-disciplined educated school, 6 mid-well-disciplined educated schools, and 18 part-time schools. There are 1.313 high school students, including 520 junior high school students, and 793 senior high school students.

E - Higher Education:

There are 9 public institutes and 2 private institutes that provide training on 62 skills. There are 12,865 students, including 3,211 females. 2,665 among them will be graduated this year. 1,713 among 56, 202 students, who had publicly applied for an exam at the 9 institution, passed the exam, more than the projected number 1,535. Certain institutes are heading towards self-finance and privately registered students, including National Institute of Management and Faculty of Law and Economic Sciences.

6.1.1.2 - Vocational Training:

There are 21 junior technology institutes for vocational training, along with 56 skills, 14 trained on public vocational, 48 trained on vocational skills, and 62 others are in long term vocational training skills. There are 3,777 junior technology student undergraduates, including 1,207 females. There are 1,418 professional training students, including 456 females, and there are 15,328 short-term professional training students, including 6,693 females. 1,096 of all junior technology student undergraduates including 346 females have been graduated. 3,902 teachers of all striators, and 28 high school inspectors were graduated by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports. The Ministry of Education, Youth, and Sports has been training 1,163 junior high school teachers, comprising 50 professional teachers of French, 118 professional teachers of English, 995 other professional junior high school teachers, 3.100 primary teachers, and 100 pre-school teachers. 88 out of 127students, who were sent to study abroad, comprising 5 doctors, 27 master students, 53 senior institute students, 1 junior technology student, and 2 professional training students.

6.1.2 - Ministries - Institutions:

1 - The Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery has assigned 205 professors of Royal University of Agriculture and of Kampong Cham Agricultural School, and has selected 285 students to study at Royal University of Agriculture at Chamkar Doung, and at Agricultural Schools of Prek Leap and Kampong Cham, for the year 1999 - 2000.

2 - The Ministry of Commerce assigned 564 officials to participate in training courses of English, Japanese, computer, accounting, and in seminar courses in the country. 48 others were assigned to study abroad.

3 - The Ministry of Industry, Mines and Energy assigned 64 officials to attend the training courses in the country, 35 of them attended a short-term course and 29 others attended a long-term course. 249 others were assigned to study abroad.

4 - The Ministry of Tourism assigned 1,711 officials to join the training courses of greeting skills, including tourist welcoming, meal and drink services, of work improvement, administration management, and tourist guide as well as of other professional courses. 18 officials were assigned to study abroad.

5 - The Ministry of Post and Telecommunication assigned 504 officials to attend training courses of mid-level technology, telecommunication, cable-network technology, accounting, English, computer, marketing economic publishing, and French. 120 officials were assigned to study abroad.

6 - The Ministry of Women Affairs and Veteran, with the assistance of certain International Organizations, held seminars, literacy courses, training courses for master-teachers, and babysitters in 16 provinces and cities, 14 Gender courses, and other professional training courses.

7 - The Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts: The Ministry comprises 5 University of technical skill, including Archeology, Plastic Arts, Architecture, Urbanization, Music, and Dance, with a total number of 1,313 students. The Faculty of Archeology held 137 students, the faculty of plastic arts held 266 students, the Faculty of Architecture and Urbanization hold 222 students. The Faculty of Music held 196 students, and the Faculty of Dancing held 492 students. 97 of the students, including 61 females were graduated Bachelor of Arts in the year 1998 - 99. 85 students, including 40 females were granted Arts Certificates. The University selected 113 students, in the year 1999-2000, to study at the very finest education degree (Phum Seksa Uddom), and selected 225 others to study at Phum Seksa Thnal and Phum Seksa I. Apart from this, 17 students, who had passed their oversea scholarships, were assigned to study abroad.

8 - The Ministry of Water Resources, and Meteorology held training courses of geology, English typing, perfecting senior and junior officials on English language, and 15 press officials trained inside the country, where as 31 others trained abroad. The Ministry also held a seminar attended by 151 officials, and assigned 5 other officials to attend overseas’ seminar.

9 - The Ministry of Territorial Management, Urbanization and Construction held a cadastral perfecting course for province and city staff, and held the first short-term elaborating course on territorial management, urbanization and construction for 99 officials and specialists.

10 - The Ministry of Justice, with the assistance of Internationals and Non-Governmental Organizations, held a five - day course workshops to broaden knowledge on laws in provinces and cities. The Ministry assigned 30 officials to study at ACE, and one official to study law in Japan.

11 - The Ministry of Health held 10 training courses of treatment and prevention formula, and health care education to 122 health officers from various provinces and districts. The Ministry also trained 142 military health officers, 175 health officers in 8 provinces, and held a training course of microscope for 124 officers.

12 - The Ministry of Information assigned 4 officials to take part in a training course for senior officials at Royal School of Administration, and assigned 15 officials to study abroad.

13 - The Ministry of National Defense selected 90 students to study at the Active Commander School-4^th course, and held a training course attended by 14,060 officers. 118 officers assigned to study abroad.

14 - The Ministry of Interior held an administrative training course, with 64 participants, at Pailin Town Hall, and held 5 administration courses for 315 district officials from Takeo, Kampong Speu, and Kandal provinces. The Ministry, with the collaboration of the Cambodian Institute for Cooperation and Peace, held a well-governance course, in Pailin town, Phnom Penh, and in Kandal, Kampong Speu and Steung Treng provinces, with 1,329 participants.

With the assistance from penal programs of Australia, France, Japan and Vietnam, the Ministry also held 13 training courses for national police officers, including 1,131 females. In addition, 31 officers were assigned to study abroad.

15 - The Cambodian Mine Action Center (CMAC) held 47 training courses of recalling, leader, and monitor, with 2,639 participants.

16 - The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation assigned 540 officials to participate in a short and mid-term oversea training course. 27 others were assigned to join in a short and mid-term local training course.

17 - The Ministry of Rural Development, with the assistance of certain International Organizations, held 15 workshops, 61 training courses, with 7,020 participants.

18 - The Royal School of Administration has trained administrative officials, including 41 senior officials of the second term and 29 senior officials of the first term, and has graduated 105 senior officials and 75 junior officials.

19 - The Royal Government has founded a Royal Academy of Cambodia aimed at encourage and manage research activities on all fields, including civilization, culture, literature and sciences in Cambodia, and to establish cooperative relations to do research with national and international organizations which have the same goals.

The Royal Government also initiated on December 23, 1999, a National Conference on Cambodia Human Resources Development: Assessment and Vision with 150 participants, including dozens of universities and faculties, directors of institutes, and doctors and masters in the Kingdom of Cambodia.

6.2 - Results of Labor Law Implementation:

Up to now, certain enterprises have been operated their business in compliance with labor Law, but certain others neglected to fill in the forms and to obey the effective Labor Law.

The Ministry of Social Affairs, Labor, Vocational Training and Youth Rehabilitation inspected the typical work of 461 enterprises and set a deadline on any enterprises, which had neglected the Labor Law. The Ministry also undertook inspections in 185 enterprises violating the deadline, warned 461 enterprises to abide by the Labor Law, fined 60 enterprises and sent 15 others to court of justice.

Besides this, the Ministry settled down 199 cases of conflict, which committed 75 strikes. The cases were completely resolved. The Ministry also settled down 434 cases of individual conflicts. Amongst them, 254 cases were totally resolved, 90 cases were not resolved, and 90 others were annulled.

The Ministry of Social Affairs, Labor, Vocational Training and Youth Rehabilitation has registered 26 Workers and Workers’ Trade Unions and 4 syndicates. Currently, 79 professional organizations, including 3 employer associations, have also been registered.

6.3 - Results of Anarchic Construction Management:

The anarchic construction has so far affected social order, environment and the prestige of the country. The Royal Government has convinced 99 families consist of 651 people, who were living in Phnom Penh's Building bloc (poor community) to move voluntarily to Mong Rithy's plantation in Khan Prey Nop, Sihanoukville. These squatters were provided with houses, foods, materials, equipments, school buildings, and health care centers by Mong Rithy’s Company, Poverty Alleviation Fund, friendly countries, NGOs, and local authorities.

Moreover, the Phnom Penh Municipality convinced and removed 129 families from Toul Svay Prey I community to Damnak Sam village, Sangkat Steung Mean Chey, Khan Mean Chey, Phnom Penh, as well as informed residents settling on boats and floating rafts, along the northern bank of Tonle Basak and southern Preah Monivong bridge, to move to new locations.

The Phnom Penh Municipality also convinced 150 families, who were settling along the bank of Tonle Basak, to remove their squats and move to an island which is around 300 meters away from their old squats. The move was aimed at serving for the construction of new park and road project at the length of 5 kilometers south of Samdech Hun Sen parks’ along Tonle Basak to the edge of Preah Monivong’s boulevard. The project will be underway in February 2000, based on the possibility and fund.

The Royal Government, in association with the Ministry of Territorial Management Urbanization and Construction serving as the headquarters, aimed to organize a long-term policy as well as to seek certain solutions on the management of the formation of other down-towns, in order to make possibility for the Royal Government to obtain Phnom Penh's squatters, new born- residences and rural residences, based on a positive and appropriate characteristic.

6.4 - Information:

The Ministry of Information, as the Royal Government Headquarters, accumulated and disseminated information on the main activities of the King, the Senate, the National Assembly, the Royal Government, civil society and the information relating to populations' interest within the framework of national rehabilitation and development.

The Royal Government, in order to preserve national culture and tradition and to prevent the publishing of culture of evil and violence, unstructured all mass media to improve their publishing programs, including social education, culture, national tradition, and the respects for human rights, laws and freedom of expression.

In Phnom Penh, there are 7 television stations, including 1 state run TV, 2 private-run TVs, 2 joint state and private-run TVs, and 2 embassy-run TVs. There are 15 radio stations, including 2 AM-FM state-run radios, 9 FM private-run radios, 3 joint state and private-run radios, 1 embassy-run radio. There are 3 cable television stations, ashich includes 2 private TVs, and 1 joint state and private-run TV. In provinces and municipalities, there are 6 TV stations ( 5 state-run TVs, and 1 private-run TV), 7 radio stations ( 3 AM state-run radios ), 4 FM private-run radios, and 19 cable TV stations. 59 printing halls have been granted exploitation permission amongst them 4 are private halls, and 2 others are printing establishments.

National Cultural Patrimony:

There are a total number of 19 cases of robbery and illegal digging of value antiques by military uniform gunmen and civilians at the temples, pagodas, and villages: 8 cases of temple carved relics, 7 cases of stealing Buddha statues in pagodas, 3 cases of temple digging, 1 case of stealing from population house, and one case while bringing relic to the market. Apart from this, 62 other pieces were lost, including 22 pieces of rock, 40 wood-made relics, compared to 1998, decreasing 20 relics, but there is a tight situation on wood-made relics in Cambodia.

The Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts, as the Royal Government Headquarters, with the collaboration of the competent institutions and local authorities at all levels, has established a province-municipality Joint Commission to curb the offences of stealing and demolishing artifacts in every area.

Simultaneously, the Ministry has also educated and publicized laws and regulations through radios and televisions in order to convince residents, civil servants and armed forces at all levels, to maintain and protect national cultural properties more effectively.

As a result, the Royal Government has collected and seized 459 pieces of artifacts, from all public milieus, compared to 1998, increasing 37 pieces. Those antiques have been kept at Angkor Siem Reap conservation hall, Phnom Penh National Museum, provincial cultural museums, and in provincial and district safe centers. The Joint Commission has also collected 250 pieces of antiquities, which have been kept at Angkor National Museum while Phnom Penh National Museum has received 23 artifacts and 428 pieces of broken pearls.

There are 8 NGOs: World Temple Fund Organization has repaired Preah Khan II temple, Far - Eastern Institute of France has repaired Field of Lepor King, Elephant Fighting Field and Bapuon temple, Japanese Rescue Organization has repaired Bayon temple's library, Sopoit temple and Angkor Wat's northern library, Apsara Conservative Program Organization, funded by Germany, has repaired Angkor Wat temple and Preah Ko temple, Japanese Sohoya University has repaired Angkor Wat temple’s front halls, technical team of the People's Republic of China has repaired Chau Say Tevada temple, UNESCO has repaired Bre Rub temple, Indonesian Itasa Organization has repaired Vimean Akas temple, and Indonesian bilateral assistance for the maintenance of Angkor Wat.

The Royal Government, with the assistance of UNESCO, held a National Conference on Peace Culture, on December 10 - 11, 1999, to discuss and disseminate the non-violent solutions of family, union and society issues and to put an end to violent trend in order to participate with other countries in the world in entering to the New Millenium, 2000.

6.6 - Results of Neary Rattanak Program Implementation:

The five-year Neary Rattanak plan is a program, which centers on 5 priorities comprising training education, economic development, health, law protection for women and children and veteran development.

The Ministry of Women Affairs and Veteran, as the Royal Government’s Headquarters, has set up the "Joint Building" project aiming at enhancing the good results in the implementation of "Neary Rattanak" in 10 provinces in addition to 5 provinces (Battambang, Posat, Siem Reap, Bantey Meanchey, and Rattanakiri) that has been arranged by UNDP.

6.7 - Health

The public health centers, based on the new health project system, comprising 8 national hospitals, 67 local hospitals: 23 provincial hospitals and 44 district hospitals, and 929 health centers.

There is a total number of 10,416 hospital beds in the whole country: 1,926 beds at mid-level hospitals, and 8,490 beds at provincial and city hospitals.

The general treatments in the whole country consists of 3,193,341 consulted patients (new case), a total of 3,692,626 consultations, 216,279 hospitalized patients, 2,80% as the hospital's fertility rate, 0,27 consultations per capita, 20,977 mid-level operations, and 25,977 minor-level operations.

The number of the 1999 licensed private medical services includes 62 private treatment consultation rooms (up until now, there has been a total of 319 rooms) 2 private mouth and tooth treatment rooms (a total of 30 rooms), 2 private health laboratories (a total of 5 laboratories), one beauty surgeon room (a total of 4 rooms) 10 private health treatment halls (a total of 30 halls), private maternity hospitals (a total of 3 hospitals), and 5 multi-health centers (a total of 21 centers).

The Royal Government has encouraged the Ministry of Health to make an endeavor to enhance the strict management on the private health services, including the false advertisement of their treatment abilities.

The conduction of vaccination enlargement and the anti-epidemic programs have achieved satisfactory results.

The dengue fever did not spread out in large scale in 1999. Within nine months in early year, 1,272 people suffered from the disease, and 22 were died. The death rate decreased from 2,92% in 1998 to 1,78% in 1999.

Currently, malaria remains a go-ahead health problem in Cambodia. During nine months in the early year, 104,452 malaria patients were treated, the same level as in 1998.

2,895 people suffered from Cholera, among them 173 died. The death rate is 5.98%. 60% of the disease occurred in Ratanakiri, 19% in Stung Treng, 9% in Takeo and 8% in Kampot.

Up until now, 155 local health centers with tuberculosis treatment services have been conducting short-term tuberculosis treatment formula. As estimated, the new sort of tubereulosis contains 15,777 cases of BK positive, compared to 13,865 cases in 1998. As the results of the new case treatment this year: the recovery rate is 91%, ended treatment rate is 4.7%, death rate is 3%, failure rate is 0.5%, abandoned treatment rate is 1% and sending out rate is 0.5%.

The National Centers for Blood Donation in 13 provinces and municipalities have received 13,196 blood bags, 30% more than in 1998. 5,314 blood bags were used in Phnom Penh's hospitals and other 6,480 bags were used in provinces.

Furthermore, 19,114 people with skin disease and 925 people with sexually transmitted disease were treated, 166 people were undergone minor surgery and 4,417 people were offered medical analysis.

6.8 - AIDS Condition:

The Royal Government has founded the National Aids Authorities headed by Minister of Health to prevent and reduce AIDS infection.

The rate of AIDS patients in certain groups of people indicates the seriousness of AIDS infection in Cambodia that makes this sort of disease the first priority in public health. An estimated 180,000 of Cambodians contained HIV virus. According to a 1998 survey carried out on 16,344 people, the AIDS containing rate amongst 15-49 year-old married women is 2.4%, polices 6.2%, prostitutes 42.6%, indirect prostitutes 19.1% and hospitalized patients 12.2%. The survey is being conducted in 1999.

To cobalt this dangerous disease, the competent authorities, in close cooperation with all institutions concerned, put in practice the following measures:

- Strengthen the consultative, taking care and treatment services including home patients taking care.

- Educate on health through TVs, radios, leaflets, and to directly educate prostitutes.

- Prompt the use of condoms through dissemination, distribution and campaign on 100% use of condom.

6.9 - Religious Affairs:

The Royal Government has celebrated the 8^th General Assembly of monk officials with the topic "Strengthening Buddhism Practice" in order to promote the quality of monks, Buddhist pagoda management, Buddhist precepts and governance monk officials at all levels and continue to build pagodas as the people's cultural centers. The Royal Government has also celebrated the 30^th anniversary of the death of the Patriarch Chuon Nath at the Buddhist Institute.

In the whole country, there are 3,685 pagodas: 3,588 Mahanikay pagodas and 97 Dharmayuttikanikay pagodas. There are 50,081 monks: 49,097 Mahanikay monks and 984 Dharmayuttikanikay monks. There are 306 Buddhist percepts schools with the first, second and third classes, with 2,367 monk students, 271 Buddhist Primary schools with 8,463 monk students, 6 Buddhist High schools with 1,042 monk students, and the Preah Sihanouk Raj Buddhist University with 126 monk students.

The Royal Government has permitted the establishment of 202 mosques, 190 Surav temples, 150 Muslim schools with 240,800 followers, and 376 churches with 41,026 followers and 85 Christian schools. Other religions, such as Miloeuk, Khong Moeng, Kong Si Im, chhoeng hai, Mahayana, Kao Dai, Bahai, etc. have also been permitted to exist in Cambodia.

IV - Poverty Alleviation:

36% of Cambodian people have lived below the poverty line in which around 11.1% in Phnom Penh, 29.9% in the suburbs, and 40.1% in the rural areas. This has been a heavy burden for the government to alleviate poverty. To enhance the responsibility of the competent Ministries, provincial and municipal authorities, and civil society in carrying out the poverty alleviation policy, the Royal Government, in collaboration with the International Organizations, held a national seminar on food security and alimentation on 20-21 April, 1999, following this seminar, the Royal Government issued a circular No 05 S.R. of 26 May 1999, on food security and alimentation in Cambodia to be disseminated and implemented throughout the country. With the Support from donor countries, NGOs, humanitarians inside and outside the country, and the endeavor made by the Royal Government, the poverty alleviation has achieved the following results :

1 - Concrete Results of Rural Development:

In 1999, all works of the rural development remained the key tasks in the fulfillment of the Royal Government's political platform to contribute significantly in the solution of certain necessary demands of the people's life as well as in the promotion of the whole society towards sustainable development. The Cambodian people enthusiastically enjoy certain achievements such as: 5,015 meters of new dam, 1,611,5 meters of fixed dam, 10 new and repaired water gates, 16,366 meters of new ditches, 7,330 metros of repaired ditches, 195 water storage, 299 ponds, 199 pipe wells and 383 repaired wells, 924 water pumps, 250 repaired water pumps, 364 lines of new paths with a total length of 944,155 meters, 192 lines of repaired paths with 321,802 meters, 77 school buildings, 3 repaired school buildings, 93 bridges, buried high way drainage pipes in 561 places, 714 giant jars, 1 health center, 2 communal documentation centers, 71,029 m2 of grass plantation, 15,648 hectares of forest clearing land for repatriates, 29 pumping machines, 1,750 bags of chemical fertilizer equal to 5,361 US dollars, 3,748 toilets and founding rice banks with 646,689 kilograms of rice.

With regard to the health care in the rural areas, the Ministry of Rural Development, in collaboration with local authorities, weighed 15,327 five year-old children in 229 villages, distributed donation of 28.670 mosquito nets and trained 17,569 people on health care education.

2 - Credit Provision in Rural Areas:

The Royal Government has provided the Rural Development Bank with the first capital in the amount of 2,500,000 US dollars. The French Agency for Development (AFD) has been cooperating with the Royal Government to implement the Rural Development Bank's aid package project of 953,050 Euro to be used as a long and short-term credit in implementing the family rubber project in Kampong Cham.

The Rural Development Bank, through micro financial operators and commercial bank, provided 18,905 families with its loan of 979,900 US dollars and also provided 14 provinces and cities, including Kep city, Shihanouk- ville, Kandal, Kampot, Kampong Cham, Kampong Speu, Kampong Thom, Kampong Chchnang, Bantay Meanchay, Battambang, Posat, Prey Veng, Ta Keo, and Siem Reap provinces, with 1,699.400.000 riels.

Prey Veng's residents paid back their debts expected to be failed by outsiders, before due time,

The ACLIDA Organization, Angkor Bank, and the loan repayment of the salt producing farmers retained the total repaid sum of 678,000 US dollars and 67,273,200 riels.

The Ministry of Women Affairs and Veteran has improved the condition and standards of living of women and veterans by providing minor-loan services, professional exhibition, vocational training, and vocation provision to 23 provinces, amongst them 17 obtained minor-loan with 1,591,930,800 riels, lending to 36,457 families.

Fields:

The Royal Government has encouraged the Ministry and Establishments of Water Resources and Meteorology in provinces and cities to intervene through water pumping to rescue the 1998-1999's dry season rice and 1999's rainy season rice from damages by using mobile machines and local farming pumping stations. A total number of 94,800 hectares were rescued, with the consumption of 1,862,797 liters of diesel and 14,402 liters of motor oil. Apart from this, the watering, by the irrigation buildings were conducted on 27, 646 hectares of the early 1999's dry season rice, and the 1999's rainy season. In addition, the Ministry of Water Resources and Meteorology has activated farmers to repaire minor-irrigation systems in provinces and cities, including Kampong Cham, Kandal, Svay Rieng, Prey Veng, Kampong Speu, Ta keo, Kampot, Battambang, Siem Reap, Kampong Thom, Ratanakiri, Koh Kong, and Phnom Penh. As a result, 51 dams with 22,698 meters were restored by 2,048 farmers. The Ministry repaired and built 3 small barrages, 23 underground pipes, 12 water gates, 1 water overflowing building, and 318,816 meters of dike, with 724 farmers participation. The Ministry also dug in Kampong Thom, Kampong Speu, Kampot and Kampong Cham, 36 drilling wells, 381 digging wells, and 4,236 pipes.

The Ministry has encouraged the creation of farmer communities for water use in 11 provinces and municipalities of Phnom Penh, Kampong Cham, Rattanakiri, Svay Rieng, Prey Veng, Takeo, Siem Reap, Kompong Speu, Battambang, Kandal and Porsat.

4 - Rescue of Victims Suffered from Disasters:

This year the disasters took place less than the previous year. Flood caused by monsoon rain, fire, storm and drought in certain areas resulted in some damages to plantation.

The National Committee Monitoring Disasters of the Royal Government has distributed to the victims from disasters the emergency aid, among them 4 cartons of malaria medicine and 2,000 mosquito nets provided by WHO through the good offices of the Anti-Malaria National Center, 1 ton of used cloth provided by UCC organization and 30 cartons of medicine provided by the Ministry of Health.

Moreover, the Royal Government has offered emergency rescue to the victims in Kampot, Koh Kong, Rattanakiri, Kandal, Takeo and Stung Treng Provinces and Pailin town by providing them with 176 tons of rice, 27 cartons of medicine, 1,560 mosquito nets, 1 ton of used clothes and 5,200 kits.

5 - Results of Mines Clearance to Liberate Land for Farmers:

The Cambodian Mine Action Center (CMAC) has organized 1,642 meetings to educate mines awareness attended by 356.815 people in 12 provinces and towns that have 138 mine places with 16,312 unexploded devices and 2,229 mines. The most heavy mine areas are in Battambang, Banteay Meanchay, Samlot, Siem Reap and Preah Vihear.

CMAC has now 3,081 Cambodian staff: 2,820 regular staff and 261 short-term staff.

There are 67 platoons of mine clearance forces with 29 persons each stationing in Banteay Meanchay, Battambang, Kampong Cham, Kompong Thom and Siem Reap provinces. So far, CMAC has cleared mines on 70,835,669 m2, destroyed 103,191 anti-personal mines, 1,423 anti-tank mines, 516,647 unexploded mines, 207,301,742 metal splinters and 20 mine fields. The death and injury rates decreased from 400-500 persons a month in 1992 to 100 persons a month and in August 1999 there were only 39 victims from mines.

6 - Cambodian Red Cross:

The Association of Cambodian Red Cross, in collaboration with the Royal Government, has made a concerted effort to seek donation from local donors, companies, associations and NGOs, and has distributed 415 tons of rice, materials, clothes, food, medicine, paddy and vegetable seeds to 14,140 repatriated families with 48,207 members in Kang Va, Anlong Veng, Samlot and Veal Veng centers. The Cambodians Red Cross, in collaboration with ministries, institutions and local authorities, distributed 621 tons of rice, 21 tons of cooking-oil, 21 tons of can fish and 4 tons of salt to repatriated persons in Mondulkiri province. It distributed donation to 16,180 poor families of 76,426 persons in provinces, cities and hospitals and to 14,387 with 72,241 victims of natural disasters in Kampot, Koh Kong, Rattanakiri, Takeo, Posat and Kandal provinces, as well as Kep city and Phnom Penh. It also distributed through " food for work programme" 24,840 tons of rice, 1 ton of can fish, 1 ton of cooking oil and 136 tons of salt to 14,387 families with 72,241 persons.

According to the bilateral agreement on aid and cooperation, the People's Republic of China provided 140 tons of rice to the Cambodian Red Cross to help the population facing food shortages caused by drought.

V. Conclusion:

The great achievements in all fields, particularly the maintenance of peace, political stability, security, safety, social order, good results of the reforms of the armed forces, public administration reforms, public finance and economic reforms, as well as the socio-economic development and reputation of the Kingdom of Cambodia on the international arena attained by the Royal Government and people of Cambodia are indeed owing to the clear-sighted guidance of His Majesty Preah Bat Samdech Preah NORODOM SIHANOUK, King of Cambodia, on the national reconciliation avenue. The successes in the preliminary implementation of the Royal Government’s political platform in 1999 is owing to the great support from all members of parliament and senators with the participation from civil society and the material and spiritual assistance from the international community as well as friend countries in the world.

The prevalence of full peace, the retaining of Cambodian seat in the United Nations, and Cambodia's full membership in the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) have created favorable conditions for the increase of local and overseas privates investment, thus creating works for Cambodian workers and contributing to promote socio-economic development and step by step alleviate the poverty. This factor reflects the rebound of the Cambodian economy.

The Royal Government has supported legal activities of the opposition parties in their roles for the sake of democracy and development in Cambodia.

Owing to the Royal Government's precise political platform, job division, work programs of the ministries, institutions and territorial authorities, in conjunction with the continuous support from members of parliament, senators, national and international donors, Non-Governmental Organizations, International Organizations, International Financial Institutions, friend countries and under the High guidance and support from His Majesty Preah Bat Samdech Preah NORODOM SIHANOUK, King of Cambodia, and Her Majesty the Queen, the Royal Government and Cambodian people hope that in the new Millennium, year 2000, peace and political stability will be strengthened and more great successes will be achieved in Angkor motherland.

Prime Minister

Signed

HUN SEN

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